Digital Nomad Visa Spain

Legal Background of the Digital Nomad Visa in Spain

In 2013, Spain introduced the Entrepreneur Law to attract foreign talent and investment. This law introduced residency options such as the entrepreneur visa and the golden visa. However, the Entrepreneur Law eventually became insufficient for modern market needs.

To address this, the Spanish government introduced a new regulation called the Startup Law. This law emphasizes attracting startups, talent, and innovation, with the goal of establishing Spain as a leading destination for entrepreneurs, investors, and skilled professionals. It creates a favorable environment, especially for remote workers, combining ideal living conditions with opportunities for growth in Spain.

The Startup Law includes tax incentives and simplified procedures for setting up companies in Spain, encouraging tech startups and investment. However, one of its most impactful measures is aimed at welcoming remote workers and digital nomads through a dedicated visa option.


What is the Digital Nomad Visa?

The Digital Nomad Visa is a residence permit allowing non-EU citizens to live and work remotely in Spain. It’s designed for foreigners who want to work for companies or clients abroad while enjoying life in Spain, providing a much-needed alternative to the restrictive non-lucrative visa.

Key features of the Digital Nomad Visa:

  • Residency Length: This visa allows for an initial stay of up to 3 years, with renewals possible for a total of up to 5 years.
  • Double Application Path:
    • From Spain: Apply directly from within Spain if you are on a tourist visa and obtain a 3-year residency card.
    • From Abroad: Apply for a 1-year visa at a Spanish consulate in your home country, which can later be converted to the 3-year residency card in Spain.

Does the Digital Nomad Visa Count Towards Nationality?

Yes, time spent in Spain on this visa counts towards both Spanish nationality and long-term residency:

  • Nationality: The years spent on the Digital Nomad Visa count toward the residency period required for Spanish citizenship.
  • Long-Term Residency: After 5 years of residence as a digital nomad, you may apply for long-term residency in Spain.

Additional Benefits of the Digital Nomad Visa

  • Family Inclusion: You can include your spouse and children in your application, allowing your family to join you in Spain.
  • Fast-Track Processing: Applications are processed quickly, with a resolution time of 20 days. Additionally, if there’s no response within this period, the application is automatically approved due to positive administrative silence.
  • EU Mobility: The Digital Nomad Visa allows free movement throughout the EU.

This visa primarily targets non-EU citizens, as EU residents can work remotely in Spain for up to 6 months without additional permits, and can extend their stay by obtaining a resident NIE (Foreigner’s Identification Number).


With its streamlined process and multiple advantages, the Digital Nomad Visa under Spain’s Startup Law offers an attractive opportunity for remote workers worldwide looking to establish a base in Spain.

What are the requirements for a Digital nomad visa in Spain?

Spain’s Digital Nomad Visa allows non-EU/EEA citizens to reside and work remotely from Spain. To be eligible, applicants must meet the following requirements:

  1. Employment Status:
    • Employed Applicants: Must have been employed by a company (or companies) outside Spain for at least three months prior to the application. The employer must authorize remote work from Spain and have been operational for at least one year.
    • Self-Employed Applicants: Must have a professional relationship with one or more non-Spanish companies for at least three months before applying.
  2. Professional Qualifications:
    • Hold an undergraduate or postgraduate degree from a recognized university, college, or business school.
    • Alternatively, demonstrate at least three years of professional experience in the relevant field.
  3. Financial Means:
    • Show proof of sufficient financial resources, amounting to at least 200% of the Spanish minimum wage. As of 2024, this equates to approximately €2,650 per month.
  4. Health Insurance:
    • Obtain public or private health insurance coverage valid throughout Spain.
  5. Criminal Record:
    • Provide a criminal record certificate from your country (or countries) of residence for the past two years, confirming the absence of criminal convictions.
  6. Proof of Residence:
    • Demonstrate legal residence in the consular district where the application is submitted.
  7. NIE Number:
    • Obtain a Foreigner Identity Number (NIE) before applying for the visa.
  8. Application Form and Fees:
    • Complete and sign the national visa application form.
    • Pay the applicable visa fee.

For detailed information and application procedures, refer to the official guidelines provided by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

PRIVATE HEALTHCARE IN SPAIN

Private healthcare in Spain is robust and highly regarded, offering faster access to specialists, shorter waiting times, and high-quality facilities compared to the public system. Many foreign residents and digital nomads opt for private insurance for these benefits, as well as for policies that comply with visa requirements. Spain’s private health insurance landscape includes several leading providers: Adeslas, Sanitas, AXA, Asisa, and DKV, each offering distinct plans and features that cater to different needs and budgets.

Overview of Major Providers

1. Adeslas:

   – Coverage: Adeslas is one of Spain’s largest health insurers, known for its extensive network and comprehensive plans, covering primary care, hospitalization, specialists, dental services, and some emergency care abroad.

   – Unique Benefits: Adeslas plans generally cover routine check-ups, surgeries, and hospital stays. They also offer specific plans for expats with access to over 43,000 doctors and 1,200 medical centers across Spain.

   – Cost: Premiums vary but are generally competitive, starting from around €50 for basic plans and going up to €150-€200 for premium plans covering extensive services.

   – Strengths: Adeslas’ large network and extensive coverage make it a preferred choice for comprehensive local care.

2. Sanitas:

   – Coverage: Sanitas, owned by Bupa, specializes in healthcare for expats and offers both local and international plans. Coverage includes general medicine, specialty consultations, hospitalization, maternity, and dental care.

   – Unique Benefits: Sanitas has unique digital services, such as video consultations, and an exclusive network of Sanitas hospitals and clinics. They also offer plans with international coverage, which can be useful for frequent travelers.

   – Cost: Plans range from €60 to €200 per month, depending on the coverage level.

   – Strengths: Known for innovation, Sanitas offers telemedicine, which allows policyholders to access medical care remotely, making it ideal for digital nomads.

3. AXA:

   – Coverage: AXA offers a range of health insurance plans for both locals and foreigners, including basic plans for primary care, more comprehensive plans covering specialists, hospitalization, and worldwide emergency care.

   – Unique Benefits: AXA has flexible plans that can be tailored to suit individual needs, with add-ons like dental and vision care. They also offer access to English-speaking customer service.

   – Cost: Basic plans start at around €50 per month, while higher-tier plans with extensive global coverage can cost upwards of €150.

   – Strengths: AXA’s flexible plan structure is ideal for expats who want tailored coverage, including international travel insurance.

4. DKV:

   – Coverage: DKV provides comprehensive health plans for expats and locals, covering general healthcare, specialists, hospitalization, mental health, and preventive services.

   – Unique Benefits: DKV offers mental health services, including up to 20 sessions per year, and has high-quality digital services for teleconsultations.

   – Cost: Monthly premiums for DKV start at around €70 for basic plans and can exceed €150 for plans with extensive coverage and international options.

   – Strengths: DKV’s mental health and preventive care offerings are strong, making it ideal for individuals focused on long-term wellness.

5. Asisa:

   – Coverage: Asisa offers coverage for primary care, specialists, hospitalization, and some dental services. They focus on straightforward, no-copayment policies, which is advantageous for those who want simple billing.

   – Unique Benefits: Asisa has a robust network of doctors, and their plans are tailored to comply with visa requirements. This makes them a top choice for new residents and digital nomads.

   – Cost: Plans start at €50, with more comprehensive options reaching €130 or more monthly.

   – Strengths: Asisa’s visa-compliant plans and straightforward policies make them popular among expats navigating the residency process.

How Private Health Insurance Works in Spain

Private insurance in Spain allows policyholders to directly access private clinics and specialists, often without needing a referral from a general practitioner. Policyholders can select from a network of approved doctors, hospitals, and clinics based on their insurance provider’s network, which often includes multilingual healthcare professionals who can help with language barriers. In many cases, private insurance also covers a range of preventive services and wellness programs, which are often unavailable in public healthcare.

Process for Foreigners to Access Private Healthcare

Foreigners typically access private healthcare through direct payment or insurance policies, as Spain’s national health system (SNS) is available only to residents contributing to social security. Expats and digital nomads usually choose private insurance either for quicker access to services or as a requirement for residence permits and visas. Here’s a simplified breakdown:

1. Choose an Insurance Provider: Selecting the right provider often involves comparing coverage options, monthly premiums, and specific benefits (e.g., dental or mental health services).

2. Apply for a Plan: Insurance applications usually require basic information, and some insurers offer expat-specific plans with simplified processes.

3. Payment & Access: Plans may have copayments or deductible options, but expats can opt for zero-copayment plans for easier billing. Once insured, policyholders can book appointments with private healthcare providers within the insurance network.

Quality of Private Healthcare in Spain

Spain’s private healthcare system is highly regarded for its quality, efficiency, and well-equipped medical facilities. Private healthcare often includes shorter wait times than public facilities, especially for specialists and non-emergency procedures. Many doctors and staff in private facilities are multilingual, which helps ease communication for expats and foreign residents.

In summary, Spain’s private health insurance is flexible, with several top providers offering tailored options to suit different needs and lifestyles. For digital nomads, private insurance offers a seamless way to access quality healthcare, from routine check-ups to emergency services, while ensuring compliance with residency and visa requirements.

References:

https://www.comingtospain.com/blog/spain-health-insurance-for-foreigners

https://wise.com/gb/blog/private-healthcare-in-spain

Private healthcare in Spain is often seen as a middle ground between the UK’s and the US’s healthcare systems, combining affordability and quality of care with less bureaucratic complexity. Here’s a closer look at how it compares:

Cost and Accessibility

– Spain: Private health insurance in Spain is notably more affordable than in the US and somewhat similar to private healthcare in the UK. Monthly premiums range from around €50 to €200, depending on the coverage, which is generally manageable for most residents and expats. Most plans cover primary care, specialists, and emergency services. Importantly, the system is designed to complement the public healthcare system, so private coverage offers faster access to services while public facilities handle a broader patient base

– UK: The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) provides free healthcare for all residents, but private insurance is available for those who want faster access to specialists and non-emergency surgeries. Private health insurance costs in the UK vary widely, with basic plans starting around £35-£50 per month. Although affordable, private insurance in the UK is often viewed as a supplement rather than a necessity because the NHS covers most essential medical needs, albeit with longer wait times for certain services.

– US: Healthcare in the US is privatized and one of the most expensive globally. Monthly premiums for private health insurance can range from $300 to over $1,000 per person, depending on the plan. Additionally, high deductibles and copays can make out-of-pocket costs substantial. Many Americans rely on employer-sponsored health insurance due to the high costs of individual plans, which can be financially burdensome for individuals and families.

Quality and Wait Times

– Spain: Private healthcare in Spain is known for high-quality facilities, shorter wait times, and a patient-centered approach, especially in private hospitals and clinics. For non-emergency specialist care, the wait time is significantly reduced compared to the public system, and many facilities have bilingual staff, which benefits expats and digital nomads. Spain ranks well in terms of healthcare quality, though it may lack some of the cutting-edge technology seen in top US hospitals.

– UK: The NHS provides good quality care but often struggles with long waiting times, especially for non-urgent surgeries and specialist appointments. Private healthcare in the UK offers faster access, but the quality and facilities may vary. Unlike Spain, which has a broad network of private hospitals, private healthcare in the UK is mostly concentrated in major cities.

– US: The quality of healthcare in the US is among the highest, with advanced technology, innovative treatments, and specialized medical centers. Wait times in the US are typically short for those with private insurance, but the high costs can be a barrier. While the system is efficient for those who can afford it, it leaves a significant portion of the population uninsured or underinsured.

Patient Experience and Flexibility

– Spain: Patients in Spain’s private healthcare system enjoy flexibility, with direct access to specialists without needing a general practitioner’s referral. Insurance plans typically cover a wide range of treatments, from dental to emergency care, making it a comprehensive option for both residents and expatriates. Spanish private healthcare is often praised for its patient-centered approach and ease of access.

– UK: The private sector in the UK usually requires a GP referral before seeing a specialist, which can delay initial access to certain treatments compared to Spain. However, the NHS covers most healthcare needs for UK residents, making private insurance more of a luxury than a necessity. Private hospitals in the UK are generally high-quality but less widely available outside major cities.

– US: The US system offers significant flexibility for those with comprehensive insurance, allowing patients to directly choose specialists and facilities. However, the system’s complexity and the prevalence of in-network versus out-of-network costs can be confusing. High deductibles and copays often limit patient choice unless they can afford premium coverage.

Coverage of Non-Essential Services

– Spain: Private health insurance plans in Spain often include non-essential services, such as dental care, vision, mental health services, and some wellness programs, at a relatively low additional cost. This coverage is attractive to digital nomads and expats who may not have access to public healthcare.

– UK: Private healthcare plans in the UK also cover non-essential services, but coverage varies widely. Mental health services, for instance, may have limitations in terms of session numbers, which can be restrictive for those requiring extended care.

– US: Non-essential services like dental and vision care are typically not included in standard health insurance plans in the US, requiring separate policies. Mental health coverage is included under the Affordable Care Act mandates, but the extent of coverage depends on the plan and can involve high out-of-pocket costs.

Conclusion

Private healthcare in Spain provides high-quality, affordable services with less bureaucracy and shorter wait times than the UK’s NHS and at a fraction of the US cost. While Spain’s system might not offer the extreme technological advancements seen in the US, it meets most healthcare needs effectively and affordably, making it a balanced choice for expats and residents alike.

Life in Spain as a Digital Nomad

Life in Spain as a digital nomad is largely defined by its affordable cost of living, cultural richness, and generally warm climate, which together make it a popular destination for remote workers. Spain offers a broad spectrum of experiences across its cities, each catering to different aspects of nomad life.

Cost of Living and Affordability

Spain is often praised for its cost-effectiveness compared to other Western European countries, with many nomads reporting that a monthly budget of around €1,500 to €2,500 is sufficient, depending on the city and lifestyle. Housing options vary widely, with lower costs in smaller cities like Granada or Valencia, while larger cities like Madrid and Barcelona come with slightly higher rental prices. However, even in major cities, digital nomads can find budget-friendly options and affordable dining out, particularly in local tapas bars and markets.

Work Environment and Coworking Spaces

Digital nomads in Spain benefit from the proliferation of coworking spaces in urban centers. For instance, Barcelona’s Betahaus and Madrid’s Impact Hub are popular among remote workers, offering not just workspaces but also networking events, which helps create a sense of community. Cities like Valencia and Málaga have seen a rise in remote-friendly cafes and coworking spaces, catering to the growing nomad population who may prefer a more laid-back environment with beach access.

Quality of Life and Social Life

The Mediterranean lifestyle is a major draw, with Spain’s sunny weather, cultural festivals, and social norms that prioritize leisure and family time. This relaxed approach to life is something many nomads enjoy, as it encourages a healthy work-life balance. Spain also has a thriving nomad community, particularly in cities like Barcelona and Madrid, where Facebook groups and Meetup events help remote workers connect. The lifestyle includes afternoon siestas, late dinners, and a vibrant nightlife, making it easy for newcomers to socialize and feel part of the community.

Travel and Exploration Opportunities

Spain’s location and efficient transportation network allow nomads to explore nearby regions easily, with high-speed trains connecting major cities. From hiking in the Pyrenees and visiting Costa Brava’s beaches to exploring historical sites in Andalusia, Spain provides a variety of destinations and activities within a few hours’ reach. Many digital nomads take advantage of the opportunity to visit neighboring countries as well, thanks to Spain’s well-connected airports.

Challenges to Consider

While Spain offers an excellent quality of life, some digital nomads face challenges related to language barriers outside major cities, where English is less commonly spoken. Additionally, the bureaucratic process for visas and residency can be complex and time-consuming, although Spain has introduced the Digital Nomad Visa to simplify the process for remote workers. Internet connectivity can be an issue in rural areas, though urban centers generally have reliable high-speed internet.

In summary, Spain’s combination of affordability, cultural vibrancy, and a welcoming community make it an attractive destination for digital nomads. Whether in bustling cities or quieter coastal towns, nomads in Spain find it easy to create a balanced, fulfilling lifestyle.

Distinct Experience in different cities

For digital nomads, Spain offers a range of personal experiences that highlight its welcoming atmosphere, affordability, and unique cultural richness. Here are some real experiences shared by digital nomads across various Spanish cities:

1. Valencia: Known for its relaxed, coastal lifestyle, Valencia has become a popular choice for those seeking a more affordable but vibrant city in Spain. A nomad named Emily shared that Valencia’s cafe culture and work-life balance make it ideal for remote work, and the locals are friendly and welcoming. She enjoys the city’s affordability, noting that she can live comfortably and still enjoy regular outings without breaking the bank.

2. Madrid: Madrid’s central location and accessibility are often appreciated by remote workers like David, who finds it easy to explore Spain on weekends. Madrid’s lively yet relaxed atmosphere offers a balanced lifestyle with easy access to nature, art, and culture. He especially enjoys the city’s “walkability” and the abundance of coworking spaces and cafes. Madrid is ideal for those wanting a mix of cultural engagement and convenience, plus it’s well-connected to international destinations.

3. Seville: Some digital nomads prefer the quieter, less touristy vibe of Seville. Nomad Sophie highlights Seville’s affordability and slower pace, which offers a reprieve from busier cities. The city provides a rich local experience with its historical sites and close-knit community, ideal for those wanting immersion in Spanish culture and language while having lower living costs.

4. Barcelona: Barcelona’s balance of urban and beach life attracts many digital nomads, with networking opportunities being a major draw. Nomad groups like “Barcelona Digital Nomads” help foster connections among expatriates and locals, according to personal accounts from people who appreciate the city’s coworking spaces and sunny climate. The diverse environment allows for both focus and relaxation.

Each city offers something unique, making Spain a top destination for digital nomads seeking community, affordability, and a fulfilling lifestyle.